• downhill knee and ankle bent very little - long and strong - bones supporting pressure of the turn, not the muscles - feeling of the turning ski providing a solid platform - much easier too
• uphill knee and ankle really bent - thigh is nearly horizontal pulling skis apart.
• both skis are 'tipped' on their uphill edges
• Angulated C Shape with upper body bowing downhill (to the outside of the turn)
• ready to plant his left pole - well to the side (left shoulder could be lower)

Below are four pictures showing the edge change from a right turn to a left turn. Notice the upper body stays 'quiet' and does not rotate. It is 'separated' from the lower body allowing the legs to turn and the skis to pivot around into the new turn direction while the shoulders and hips remain facing downhill, toward the outside of the turns at all times.

Carving requires Edging and Edging requires Angulation - the 'C' shape

In the picture below, notice the knees and butt are angled to the inside of the turn (peepee into the hill) and the shoulders, upper body and hips are facing the outside of the turn (downhill). This stance allows the downhill ski (the outside ski in the turn) to be edged and pressured in order to carve the turn. The uphill (inside) ski is equally edged but not pressured as much as the downhill (outside) ski; perhaps an 80/20 weight distribution (90/10 for a more aggressive carved turn). The uphill (inside) knee is moved away from the downhill knee so both skis are edged equally. 

Toppling to initiate turns (similar to the 'down unweighting' taught 40 years ago)

Relaxing the downhill leg at the end of the turn starts a toppling effect that flattens the skis prior to tipping feet, rolling ankles and knees to start the new turn then planting the pole (well downhill).

Note: aggressive short radius turns also use the rebound of the ski (in this case completely off the snow) due to their own spring like 'impulse' energy after being loaded. 

Edge Change

Flattening the skis allows them to be momentarily steered downhill by turning the leg and pivoting the feet. Don't rush this. Give the skis some time to turn downhill.

Carving the New Turn

Now start gradually angling the knees and hips into the hill and increasingly pressuring the left edges to keep the skis carving a nice rounded left turn, as opposed to tail swishing or side slipping.

Notice the 'C' shape (angulation) with ankles, knees and butt angled toward the inside of the turn (into the hill), with the shoulders, upper body and hips facing slightly across the skis toward the outside of the turn (generally downhill).

Pushing hard straight down onto the edged downhill ski, using the strength of the hip, more than the knee or the ankle, provides a tremendously solid, powerful and stable platform to counter the centrifugal force of the carved turn.

The goal is to leave two distinct 'railroad' tracks in the snow, i.e. no side slipping or tail swishing - Parallel Skiing. 

Effortless High End 'Senior' Skiing

Supporting your weight and resisting the centripetal force of the snow during carved turns is much easier using bones than muscles. Using the rebound of pressured skis makes turn initiation effortless. Here are two tips to help with these two high end concepts.

• During turns the outside leg is gradually extended and the ski pushed forward to provide a solid platform using the bones, not muscles. Weight is centered in the heel-arch to fully utilize the side cut of the ski. At the end of the turn weight is toward the heel and you can feel the back of the boot.
• Initiation of the next turn is simply a matter of relaxing that outside (downhill) leg while reaching downhill for the pole plant, turning the legs and pivoting the skis. The built up energy in the ski provides rebound that propels you into the turn.

• ski with feet shoulder width apart
• push downhill foot forward (reduces the amount the uphill ski is advanced)
• lift uphill thigh and edge uphill ski
• extend downhill leg throughout turns keeping weight centered (heel-arch)
• keep both legs turning in the hip joints to pivot both skis throughout turns (keeps skis from going dead and chattering)
• use downward flexion (down unweighting or avalement) instead of an up motion to unweight and flatten both skis to initiate next turn (very quick)
• tipping feet to start turns: 
• practice when running on flats by tipping both feet (pressure big toe joint on one foot and pinky on the other) in the boots simultaneously to the right for 2 seconds, flatten for 2 seconds, to the left for two seconds with no other body movements, no angulation, no rotation. 
• progress to add pushing skis forward and bringing them back under to change edges
• progress to subtly dropping the hip to the inside of the turns as you push feet forward
• edge uphill ski and position hip into hill (Martina tells her mother to peepee into the hill)
• uphill hand on inside of uphill knee with thumb behind knee. 
• reach outside hand down to the top buckle of the outside boot
• make the largest arc you can with downhill pole
• advance uphill pole
• improve separation and angulation (BBSD - butt back shoulder down)
• stay centered, bow downhill
• the objective is to: keep shoulders parallel with the slope 
• keeping both baskets on the snow all the time to keep downhill shoulder low
• put top of downhill pole behind downhill knee while keeping uphill pole horizontal 
• ski low, bend and extend exercise on easy terrain to improve lower body mobility
• hold poles by grips upside down, extend arms and poles out sideways across the hill with baskets on the snow, bend knees so you are as low as you can ski, ski keeping baskets in contact with the snow as far away from you as you can and extending legs out sideways as far as you can then folding them under you to change edges with zero upper body motion and go like hell. Its really fun.